Environmental challenges are increasingly prominent in current global occurrences,
particularly concerning solid waste generation and the disorderly consumption of
natural resources. In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), established in
2010, emphasized the importance of Reverse Logistics (RL) to enable the collection
and recycling of solid waste. In recent years, the Circular Economy (CE) has
emerged as a value generation strategy, promoting resource conservation through
effective waste management. RL plays a significant role in the transition to CE,
involving the return of products and materials to the production cycle. Sustainable
Design (SD) and Design for Reverse Logistics (DfRL) have emerged as approaches
to integrate RL into the product design process. This research aimed to explore the
context of design guidelines for RL under the concept of DfRL, considering the
intersection between product design and RL activities. The central problem
addressed was the need to understand and characterize research on these
guidelines related to DfRL, aiming to contribute to the development of more
sustainable and circular products. For this purpose, a Systematic Literature Review
(SLR) approach was used to identify trends, research gaps, and contributions to SD
practice and theory. The method was divided into pilot review, research protocol
definition, obtaining and selection of relevant publications, data extraction, and
presentation and analysis of results. The research covered various aspects of design
guidelines, such as related DfX, product design context, and presentation format, as
well as its relationship with RL through its activities and sustainability, encompassing
environmental, economic, and social aspects, and also the connection with the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, the research identified
research gaps, such as the development of the term definition and hierarchy
regarding design guidelines and the need for integration between research and
technique for sharing design information. Areas of potential growth in the field of
DfRL were identified, aiming to inform both academia and the market about best
practices and design guidelines to integrate RL into the early stages of the product
design process, promoting the transition to a more sustainable and circular
production model, contributing to a more sustainable and equitable future aligned
with the SDGs and the needs of future generations.

In the Amazon, despite significant efforts to combat ecological devastation in the region and existing environmental protection policies, these are still insufficient. It is necessary to consider other ways to promote development, but responsibly and sustainably. Thus, biotechnology emerges as a tool of great importance for promoting the sustainable use of natural and technological resources. With this purpose, this research aimed to identify the potential facilitators for the development of biotechnology, considering the context of the Brazilian Amazon Region, from the perspective of professionals working in the field. To do so, the main methodological strategies adopted were literature review and survey research. The literature review resulted in the identification of eleven facilitators, which then helped structure the survey, which applied to professionals. Data were analyzed using the TOPSIS decision support method. The analysis result generated a ranking of the eleven challenges based on the perception of biotechnology professionals. The ranking indicated that the four most decisive and determining facilitators for the integration of biotechnology in the Amazon should focus on interdisciplinary collaboration, technology, research funding, and research and development. The results of this research contribute both to theory and practical application regarding the integration of biotechnology in the Amazon considering these facilitators.

Air pollution is a global concern due to its adverse impacts on human health and the environment. The aim of this study is to apply multivariate statistical analysis to assess air quality in the Belém Metropolitan Region (RMB) in the municipalities of Belém, Ananindeua, Marituba, and the district of Icoaraci, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The study seeks to understand the correlations among the studied parameters and define the seasonal and spatial contributions of atmospheric indicators. Semi-automatic monitoring of parameters such as Temperature, Air Humidity, Wind Speed, Particulate Matter (PM), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) was conducted at 13 different locations. Data collection occurred during the dry period (July 2023) and the rainy period (December 2023) to assess seasonal influences. The data were statistically processed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), transforming the original variables into principal components. The PCA revealed positive correlations between variables such as PM 1.0, 10, 2.5, and CO. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between PM 2.5, 1.0, 10, CO, and Humidity, indicating higher pollutant concentrations on drier days. Regarding factor loadings, higher contributions were observed in Ananindeua, Marituba, and Icoaraci, suggesting greater pollutant concentrations in these areas. The research contributes to understanding air quality dynamics in the RMB, supporting control measures and public awareness.

Hospital waste is health service waste categorized according to the classification presented in RDC 222/18 ANVISA. The proper and effective management of hospital waste is important for preventing risks to public health and the environment, but it still faces challenges. In this sense, the aim of this research was to identify the existing challenges and analyze them from the perspective of professionals involved in the management of hospital waste, both public and private, in order to find out which challenges to overcome are the most decisive for proper waste management, considering the Brazilian hospital context. This study was based on a review of the literature on the challenges of hospital waste management. After approval by the CEP, the data collection instrument was made available to health professionals working in Brazilian public and private hospitals via Google Forms. The data obtained in the survey was processed and analyzed using the TOPSIS multicriteria method. As a result, a ranking of the most decisive challenges in waste management in Brazilian hospitals was obtained, with the top two being the need for qualified human resources who are able to promote training and continuing education for all professionals involved in waste management of HSW and the potential risks that HSW pose to health and the environment when management is carried out inefficiently.

The research addresses a comparitive research of stakeholders’ responsibilities as mentioned in the literature with Brazilian legal framework, concerning responsibility in reverse supply chains (RSC) of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Reverse Logistics (RL) is crucial for integrating government, industry, and Other stakeholders, aiming to balance economic and environmental considerations in waste management. The research aims to analyze responsibilities in WEEE RSC in na emerging economy from the literature's perspective. The methodology included a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify trends and gaps, followed by a comparative analysis between national legal instruments and literature on stakeholder responsibilities in WEEE RSC. A theoretical framework was developed to define the concept of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Results indicated a growing interest in the topic, particularly focused on WEEE, and a convergence between Brazilian legal instruments and responsibilities identified in the literature, emphasizing the importance of shared responsibility and internalization of environmental costs. The study underscores the evolution of the EPR concept, suggesting the development of models for assigning responsibilities in RSC, especially in emerging economies, to promote sustainability.

The genus Handroanthus sp. (ipê) (Bignoniaceae) stands out in the international market for its trade-in noble
wood, due to its physical-mechanical characteristics, being highly profitable in manufacturing decks. In the
state of Pará, Brazil, the consolidated market for harvesting wood from species belonging to this group poses
monitoring challenges, as illicit acts regarding wood identification for commercialization are common. Wood
anatomy, combined with the use of artificial intelligence, is an alternative to combat illegal logging and
ensure the security ofmonitoring these species' markets. The study aimed to identify two species of the
genus Handroanthus Mattos based on macroscopic images using a multilayer neural network. Sample
collection was conducted at Madeireira Ideal, Industry, Commerce, and Exportation, certified by the Forest
Stewardship Council (FSC), in the state of Pará. A total of 140 specimens were obtained for the creation of
the dataset. Macroscopic images were obtained in the cross-section of the specimens under 10x
magnification, using a stereomicroscope coupled to an EZ4 D digital camera with a resolution of 18
megapixels, using the Las Used software.The model achieved an accuracy (73%) for the classification and
identification of the species Handroanthus serratifolius and Handroanthus impetiginosus.

Disorderly urban growth has considerably affected the hydrological cycle, due to changes in the process of water infiltration into the soil and natural changes in water flow in the urban environment. Thus, in order to assess the efficiency of the different types of current drainage systems, it is important to consider the adoption of criteria in the socio-environmental, technical and economic scope, in order to enable the choice of the most suitable one for the drainage of an area among alternative possible projects for the drainage system. Thus, the main objective of this study is to structure a model to support decision-making on alternative drainage systems, based on a multicriteria approach, which can be designed for an urban watershed. To do so, a methodological procedure was used that used a multicriteria TOPSIS-AHP method to select which alternative urban macro drainage project in the area under study can be used to mitigate the impacts of floods. Applied to the Estrada Nova (BHEN) watershed, located in the city of Belém/PA, five proposed drainage systems were adopted, based on technical, economic and socio-environmental criteria for the functionality of the BHEN. The results showed that a set of actions, the proposed drainage system, the dimensions of the channels and the estimated costs of maintenance and operation of the gates were efficient for an alternative that was presented as the "ideal" for mitigating the impacts of floods in the area. BHEN.

The society’s development is intrinsically related with the water, as a natural resource essential for life in the planet. The contamination or pollution of the water leads to variables phenomena, being on them the eutrophication. Following, aiming the sustainable management of the water resources, the Trophic State Index was developed to make possible the water classification in different degrees of trophic, and the remote sensoring is one of the tools capable to measure this index. That being the case, the objective of this research is to comprehend the capacity of the remote sensoring of predict the Trophic State Index in Portel bay, Pará state. The following research is composed by two phases divided in papers. First it was characterized the land use in the surroundings of the bay through historic research of the county, local photographs registers, image treatment in SIG and NDVI determination. In the second paper, it was identified the standards of spatial distribution of the chlorophyll a in Portel bay using images from the satellite Sentinel 2, after that, it was compared the trophic levels obtained through the remote sensoring analysis and the laboratorial analysis. Through this method, it was identified the water multiple uses along the city bay, including activities that require different water standards. In addition, it was observed through the satellite images that after six years occurs advances in human activities in the central region of Portel, as an example the deforestation. In the second paper, it can be observed that in all the points, the values of TSI verified by the remote sensoring are close to the laboratorial analysis, reaching, predominantly, the mesotrophic class. Before along, the preventive monitoring of this area, where the population have a strong relation with the water of the bay, are viable through environmental programs, which uses the TSI as a tool in association with the remote sensoring and considering the CONAMA nº 357/2005 as a parameter of the chlorophyll a, with an alert for any identification in the analysis by remote sensoring of approaching the maximum value allowed by law.

This article deals with women’s perspective on the conservation and restoration of clearings in the Community Forest Management area in the “Verde para Sempre” Extractive Reserve. The study was authorized by the CEP/CCBS/UEPA Ethics Committee (CAAE no. 66784123.7.0000.5174) and registered with the National System for the Management of Genetic Heritage and Associated Traditional Knowledge (SisGen no. AF88B46) and with the Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio no. 86781-1). Rapid Participatory Diagnosis was used to collect sampled information following the “Snowball” methodology adapted to the inclusion criteria in the project. A preliminary floristic survey was conducted on natural regeneration in nine gaps distributed in three Work Units. The results indicate that female participation in Management activities is still incipient, however with great potential for action on several fronts, whether in administrative management or in the technical application of the Forest Management Plan. Despite the extraordinary potential, riverside women who live in the “Verde para Sempre” RESEX are still strongly repressed by the behavior of men who dominate the forest management, and most of the time make decisions and execute actions which are under the control of female responsibility. In economic terms, benefits from carrying out activities within the scope of community forest management developed in the conservation unit is rare. Naturally, riverside women better identify with actions that require less physical effort, such as those aimed at restoring clearings after forest harvesting. Recognition and strengthening of female participation in forest management activities are needed. Therefore, strategies and actions aimed at education and training, as well as self-care workshops, should be considered and implemented as a way to achieve greater engagement of riverside women in forest management activities.

Smart homes have benefits that make users' lives more practical, however, even in growth, it is a market less used by the population. Therefore, this research aimed to identify and analyze the factors that influence the population of the city of Belém, in Pará, Brazil, in the acquisition of intelligent equipment to adapt their homes. For this, an online survey was applied with a sample of 137 residents of the city under study. It was noticed that the general profile of those who use it is composed of people who are often involved with using the internet for fun or leisure and occasionally dedicate time to renovations or repairs in their homes, and the main motivator for obtaining these technologies is the comfort and ease that these devices generate for everyday life, in addition to the possibility of having access to entertainment in an easier way. The profile of those who do not use it is also formed, mostly, by people who are frequently involved with the use of the internet, but they dedicate a greater amount of time to the development of their careers, in addition to never getting involved with repairs in their homes. The generator of disinterest for this group is the lack of initial capital to invest in the purchase of devices, as they have a high value, and the lack of knowledge about them. The equipment used by the participants was not acquired with the purpose of energy saving, even though the vast majority believe in achieving sustainability through them. In addition, the majority stated that they would use the technologies if there was some type of bonus for the energy savings generated by them, which is why the creation of government incentives was proposed to help increase the use of these technologies.

Dipteryx odorata, commonly known as cumaru, is a tree native to the Amazon rainforest. The tree can grow up to 30 meters tall, and its wood is dense, sturdy, and has a sweet aroma. Cumaru wood is widely used in the production of furniture and flooring. Cumaru is a versatile species as it provides various ecosystem services such as provisioning, wood, and seed production, regulation including carbon sequestration and nutrient fixation, support in the restoration of degraded areas, and cultural services encompassing various aspects of society, such as culinary uses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish potential areas for cumaru (Dipteryx odorata) production and agroforestry restoration.The density of cumaru species in the state of Pará was mapped using kernel analysis, and the occurrence of the species in the state was predicted through multiple regression analysis. Subsequently, a principal component analysis was conducted to determine which factors aptly affect the occurrence of the species. Based on these findings, a map indicating medium, low, and high suitability for cumaru cultivation in the state was developed. It was found that the majority of the state has generally favorable climate conditions for the germination of the species, while the northern region exhibits ideal conditions for its development. The proposed map can assist in decision-making regarding the selection of priority areas for species planting, taking into consideration bioclimatic factors.

The Amazon rainforest harbors a high diversity of forest species. However, illegal exploitation for wood and charcoal production has contributed to increased deforestation and degradation of natural forests. Measures are being taken to reverse this reality. As part of these efforts, the identification of wood and charcoal has assisted in the control of illegally traded species. Additionally, anthracology can provide guidance to improve the production and quality of the biochar, given the significant heterogeneity of species and, consequently, wood quality. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the anatomy of wood and charcoal from fifteen species included in sustainable forest management plans in the Brazilian Amazon. Samples were taken for macroscopic and microscopic wood identification, macroscopic and microscopic (SEM) analysis of charcoal, and for obtaining basic and apparent density. This research was divided into two chapters. The first article describes the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of wood and charcoal to contribute to a database in the anatomical identification of wood and charcoal and support the illegal monitoring of forest species. Diagnosable features such as vessel arrangements, type of axial parenchyma, and, in some cases, perforation plates, exclusively uniseriate rays were crucial for supporting and identifying wood and charcoal. This study contributes to monitoring the illegal trade of wood and charcoal and provides a database and reference collections of charcoal available for research, training, and consulting for forest supervisors, wood anatomists, and anthracologists. The second article evaluates the effect of pyrolysis on the anatomical characteristics of secondary xylem in species of different densities and types of axial parenchyma. The analysis of changes was performed through microscopic anatomy of wood and charcoal. To assess changes in wood after carbonization, mean comparison tests were conducted. Additionally, multivariate analysis of species clustering was performed using the principal component analysis technique. After carbonization, vessel diameter decreased in 11 species. Vessel frequency increased in most analyzed individuals. The yield varied between 31.04% and 39.05%. Species with the highest gravimetric yield were Manilkara elata, Pouteria oblanceolata, and Dinizia excelsa with 39.45%, 36.33%, and 36.25%, respectively. No contraction or expansion pattern was observed for quantitative wood parameters after carbonization, considering species of medium and high density and abundance of parenchyma. Overall, the effect of carbonization was highly variable, even in species of the same genus. Further studies are needed to better understand the effect of carbonization on wood anatomy

This work discusses the complexity and dynamism of sustainability, which encompasses multiple dimensions influenced by local and temporal contexts, divided into three: environmental, economic, and social. The objective of this study was to apply the MESMIS framework (Spanish acronym for Framework for Assessing Natural Resource Management Systems Incorporating Sustainability Indicators) and identify critical points in current family production through indicators. The study was divided into two parts: 1) bibliometric analysis and 2) application of the tool for data collection and analysis. The latter part was conducted in the Colônia do Uraim community in Paragominas, Pará state, to generate the indicators. Nine family agroecosystems participated through observation and questionnaires, allowing the identification of critical points and the selection of indicators for measuring the degree of sustainability. The main critical points identified were the lack of technical assistance and issues with pests and weeds in production, resulting in 30 indicators. The MESMIS method is a relevant and applicable tool for assessing sustainability in various contexts. There is a growing interest in studies using this methodology, driven by the Sustainable Development Goals. It is globally applied, encompassing different countries and continents. The studied family agroecosystems showed intermediate efforts in vegetation conservation, with reforestation being a notable aspect. Improvement is needed in pest control, waste management, and addressing economic challenges. Recommendations include promoting environmental conservation, increasing per capita income, integrating activities, and improving infrastructure. Social improvements involve access to basic services and participation in collective decisions. These actions aim to strengthen sustainability and enhance the quality of life for families in agroecosystems.

The study focuses on Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) K. Schum, known as "pau-mulato," a species belonging to the Rubiaceae family. This family is vast, encompassing thousands of species and genera worldwide, with around 130 genera and 1,500 species just in Brazil, 258 of which are found in the Amazon, including 174 exclusive to the region. Active compounds within this family include iridoids, alkaloids, and anthraquinones. The tree is prevalent in the Amazon region, particularly in floodplain areas, pastures, and areas affected by environmental degradation. Its dispersal occurs along the Amazon River, with seedlings taking root in clayey and flood-prone soils. Scientific literature mentions the plant's medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial actions, yet there are limited studies on its pharmaceutical aspects. The bark of the stem is widely used in the form of teas or topical infusions to treat inflammations, skin infections, and hyperpigmentation—a common condition caused by excessive melanin production, leading to aesthetic problems. Due to the demand for its products, concerns arise regarding the tree's predatory exploitation. A study conducted at the Federal University of Pará aimed to assess the skin lightening potential of C. spruceanum bark on hyperpigmented spots. Tests were conducted to identify compounds present in the plant, such as condensed and hydrolysable tannins, reducing sugars, and chemical profiling via gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The results indicated the presence of compounds like fatty acids, terpenic derivatives, and phenolics, suggesting antioxidant and lightening actions. The presence of palmitic acid showed potential as an acylcarnitine inhibitor, acting as an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent. Other compounds like phytol exhibited inhibition of retinol, used in cell renewal, while phenols stood out for their inhibition of tyrosinase, an enzyme pivotal in melanin production. In conclusion, the research suggests that C. spruceanum holds skin-lightening potential for hyperpigmented spots, showcasing a variety of compounds with properties that could influence skin pigmentation regulation.

Concrete production has become a frequent target of studies focusing on sustainability in its production
chain, given the successive environmental degradation it causes. That said, the present work aims to
investigate sustainability in the context of civil construction through the recycling of solid waste in the
manufacture of concrete. The methodology used in the present work encompasses a narrative literature
review of scientific articles published in journals from 2019 to 2023 relating to the survey of the types of
recyclable waste that contribute to the manufacture of concrete. Glass, pneumatic and construction and
demolition waste was explained, which had potential in partially replacing some components of the
concrete mix, as well as adding them together with minerals to optimize mechanical results. Therefore,
the manufacture of concrete from waste recycling boosts sustainability in the context of civil construction,
the saving of natural resources and the sustainable disposal of waste, contributing to the field of study
with new technologies related to sustainable development.